Serba-Serbi Kimia

SERBA-SERBI KIMIA
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IRFAN ANSHORY


ETIMOLOGI NAMA UNSUR-UNSUR KIMIA

Hidrogen, H (Yunani: hydor = air; genes = pembentuk}
Helium, He (Yunani: helios = matahari)
Litium , Li (Yunani: lithos = batu)
Berilium, Be (Latin: beryl = manis)
Boron, B (Arab: buraq = jernih)
Karbon, C (Latin: carbo = batubara)
Nitrogen, N (Yunani: nitron = basa; genes = pembentuk)
Oksigen, O (Yunani: oxys = asam; genes = pembentuk)
Fluor, F (Latin: fluere = mengalir)
Neon, Ne (Yunani: neos = baru)

Natrium, Na (Latin: natri = basa)
Magnesium, Mg (Magnesia, daerah di Yunani)
Aluminium, Al (Latin: alum = pahit)
Silikon, Si (Latin: silex = batu api)
Fosfor, P (Yunani: phosphoros = pembawa cahaya)
Belerang, S (Latin: sulphur = belerang)
Klor, Cl (Yunani: chloros = hijau)
Argon, Ar (Yunani: argos = malas)
Kalium, K (Arab: qali = abu)
Kalsium, Ca (Latin: calx = kapur)

Skandium, Sc (Skandinavia)
Titanium, Ti (Yunani: titan = besar tubuh, raksasa)
Vanadium, V (Vanadis, dewi cinta Skandinavia)
Krom, Cr (Yunani: chroma = warna)
Mangan, Mn (Latin: magnes = bermagnet)
Besi, Fe (Latin: ferrum = besi)
Kobal, Co (Jerman: kobold = ruh jahat)
Nikel, Ni (Jerman: kupfernickel = tembaga palsu)
Tembaga, Cu (Yunani: Kypros = Siprus)
Seng, Zn (Jerman: zink = seng)

Galium, Ga (Latin: Gallia = Perancis)
Germanium, Ge (Latin: Germania = Jerman)
Arsen, As (Arab: az-zirnikh = kuning emas)
Selenium, Se (Yunani: selene = bulan)
Brom, Br (Yunani: bromos = pesing)
Kripton, Kr (Yunani: kryptos = tersembunyi)
Rubidium, Rb (Latin: rubidus = merah)
Strontium, Sr (Strontian, daerah di Skotlandia)
Itrium, Y (Ytterby, daerah di Swedia)
Zirkonium, Zr (Arab: zarqun = kemilau)

Niobium, Nb (Niobe, dewi Yunani)
Molibdenium, Mo (Yunani: molybdos = timbal)
Teknesium, Tc (Yunani: technetos = buatan)
Rutenium, Ru (Latin: Ruthenia = Rusia)
Rodium, Rh (Yunani: rhodos = merah jambu)
Paladium, Pd (Asteroid Pallas)
Perak, Ag (Latin: argentum = perak)
Kadmium, Cd (Kadmos, raja Thebe di Yunani)
Indium, In (Latin: indicum = nila)
Timah, Sn (Latin: stannum = timah)

Antimon, Sb (Yunani: stibi = cincin)
Telurium, Te (Latin: tellus = tanah)
Iodium, I (Yunani: iodes = ungu)
Xenon, Xe (Yunani: xenos = asing)
Sesium, Cs (Latin: caesius = biru)
Barium, Ba (Yunani: baros = berat)
Lantanum, La (Yunani: lanthanein = tercecer)
Serium, Ce (Asteroid Ceres)
Praseodimium, Pr (Yunani: praseos = hijau tua; dymos = kembar)
Neodimium, Nd (Yunani: neos = baru; dymos = kembar)

Prometium, Pm (Prometheos, tokoh mitos Yunani)
Samarium, Sm (Kolonel Samarski, ahli tambang Rusia)
Eropium, Eu (Benua Eropa)
Gadolinium, Gd (Johan Gadolin, 1760-1852, orang Finlandia)
Terbium, Tb (Ytterby, daerah di Swedia)
Disprosium, Dy (Yunani: dysprositos = sukar didapat)
Holmium, Ho (Latin: Holmia = Stockholm)
Erbium, Er (Ytterby, daerah di Swedia)
Tulium, Tm (Yunani: Thule = Swedia)
Iterbium, Yb (Ytterby, daerah di Swedia)

Lutetium, Lu (Latin: Lutetia = Paris)
Hafnium, Hf (Latin: Hafnia = Kopenhagen)
Tantalum, Ta (Tantalus, dewa Yunani)
Wolfram, W (Jerman: wolfram = batu berat)
Renium, Re (Latin: Rhenus = Sungai Rhine)
Osmium, Os (Yunani: osme = bau)
Iridium, Ir (Latin: iris = pelangi)
Platina, Pt (Spanyol: platina = perak kecil)
Emas, Au (Latin: aurora = fajar)
Raksa, Hg (Yunani: hydrargyre = air perak)

Talium, Tl (Yunani: thallos = hijau muda)
Timbal, Pb (Latin: plumbum = timbal)
Bismut, Bi (Arab: bismuth = cerah)
Polonium, Po (Latin: Polonia = Polandia)
Astatin, At (Yunani: astatos = tidak tetap)
Radon, Rn (Latin: radius = sinar)
Fransium, Fr (Perancis)
Radium, Ra (Latin: radius = sinar)
Aktinium, Ac (Yunani: aktis = sinar)
Torium, Th (Thor, dewa Skandinavia)

Protaktinium, Pa (Yunani: pertama menjadi aktinium)
Uranium, U (Planet Uranus)
Neptunium, Np (Planet Neptunus)
Plutonium, Pu (Planet Pluto)
Amerisium, Am (Benua Amerika)
Kurium, Cm (Marie Sklodowska Curie, 1867-1934)
Berkelium, Bk (Berkeley di Amerika Serikat)
Kalifornium, Cf (California di Amerika Serikat)
Einsteinium, Es (Albert Einstein, 1879-1955)
Fermium, Fm (Enrico Fermi, 1901-1954)

Mendelevium, Md (Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleyef, 1834-1907)
Nobelium, No (Alfred Bernhard Nobel, 1833-1896)
Lawrensium, Lr (Ernest Orlando Lawrence, 1901-1958)
Ruterfordium, Rf (Ernest Rutherford, 1871-1937)
Dubnium, Db (Dubna di Rusia)
Seaborgium, Sg (Glenn Theodore Seaborg, 1912-1999)
Bohrium, Bh (Niels Henry David Bohr, 1885-1962)
Hassium, Hs (Hasse di Jerman)
Meitnerium, Mt (Lise Meitner, 1878-1968)
Darmstadtium, Ds (Darmstadt di Jerman)

Rontgenium, Rg (Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen, 1845-1923)

Catatan:
IUPAC menetapkan bahwa sejak unsur nomor atom 96, nama unsur mengabadikan nama ilmuwan atau nama tempat penelitian unsur.
Unsur-unsur ununbium (112, Uub), ununtrium (113, Uut), ununquadium (114, Uuq), ununpentium (115, Uup), dan ununhexium (116, Uuh) sudah berhasil disintesis, tapi belum diberi nama resmi oleh IUPAC.


UNSUR YANG PALING . . . .

Paling ringan: hidrogen (kerapatan 0,0009 kg/L)
Paling berat: osmium (22,57 kg/L)
Palng keras: karbon (dalam bentuk intan)
Paling banyak di jagat raya: hidrogen (75% massa jagat raya)
Paling banyak di bumi: besi (35% massa bumi)
Paling banyak di kulit bumi: oksigen (45% massa kulit bumi)
Paling mudah bereaksi: fluor
Paling sukar bereaksi: helium
Paling tinggi titik lelehnya: wolfram (3422 derajat C)
Paling bagus daya hantarnya: perak



KOMPOSISI ATMOSFER PLANET-PLANET

MERKURIUS: tidak mempunyai atmosfer
VENUS: 96% CO2; 3,5% N2; 0,4% Ar; 0,05% O2
B U M I: 78% N2; 21% O2; 0,93% Ar; 0,03% CO2
MARS: 95% CO2; 3% N2; 1,6% Ar; 0,2% O2
YUPITER: 90% H2; 10% He
SATURNUS: 97% H2; 3% He
URANUS: 83% H2; 15% He; 2% CH4
NEPTUNUS: 74% H2; 23% He; 3% CH4
PLUTO: tidak mempunyai atmosfer




ILMUWAN YANG BANYAK DISEBUT DALAM KIMIA

Arrhenius, Svante August (1859-1927), teori asam-basa
Avogadro, Amedeo (1776-1856), hipotesis Avogadro
Balmer, Johann Jakob (1825-1898), tingkat energi elektron
Bartlett, Neil (1932- ), pembuatan senyawa gas mulia
Becquerel, Antoine Henri (1852-1908), keradioaktifan
Berzelius, Jons Jakob (1779-1848), lambang unsur
Bessemer, Sir Henry (1813-1898), pembuatan baja
Bohr, Niels Henrik David (1885-1962), teori atom
Bosch, Karl (1874-1940), pembuatan amonia
Bronsted, Johannes Nicolaus (1879-1947), teori asam-basa
Brown, Robert (1773-1858), gerak Brown
Buchner, Eduard (1860-1917), alat praktikum
Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm Eberhard (1811-1899), alat praktikum
Cannizzaro, Stanislao (1826-1910), keadaan standar gas (STP)
Cavendish, Henry (1731-1810), penemu hidrogen
Chadwick, Sir James (1891-1974), penemu neutron
Curie, Marie Sklodowska (1867-1934), keradioaktifan
Dalton, John (1766-1844), teori atom
Daniell, John Frederick (1790-1845), sel elektrokimia
Davy, Sir Humphry (1778-1829), penemu elektrolisis
Dobereiner, Johann Wolfgang (1780-1849), sistem periodik
Dumas, Jean Baptiste Andre (1800-1884), sintesis organik
Erlenmeyer, Emil (1825-1904), alat praktikum kimia
Faraday, Michael (1791-1867), hukum elektrolisis
Fehling, Hermann (1812-1885), pereaksi untuk aldehida
Galvani, Luigi (1737-1798), sel elektrokimia
Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778-1850), hukum Gay-Lussac
Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839-1903), energi bebas (G) dalam termodinamika
Grignard, Francois Auguste Victor (1871-1935), sintesis organik
Guldberg, Cato Maximilian (1836-1902), tetapan kesetimbangan
Haber, Fritz (1868-1934), pembuatan amonia
Hall, Charles Martin (1863-1914), pembuatan aluminium
Hess, Germain Henri (1802-1850), perubahan entalpi
Hund, Friedrich (1894-1968), aturan Hund
Joule, James Prescott (1818-1889), hukum kekekalan energi
Kekule, Friedrich August (1829-1896), penemu struktur benzena
Kelvin, Baron William Thomson (1824-1907), suhu mutlak
Kipp, Peter (1808-1864), alat praktikum
Kolbe, Adolf Wilhelm Hermann (1818-1884), sintesis organik
Krebs, Sir Hans Adolf (1900-1981), siklus Krebs dalam metabolisme
Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent (1743-1794), hukum kekekalan massa
Le Chatelier, Henri Louis (1850-1936), pergeseran kesetimbangan
Leclanche, Georges (1839-1882), sel batu batere
Lewis, Gilbert Newton (1875-1946), teori asam-basa dan ikatan kimia
London, Fritz Wolfgang (1900-1954), gaya antar molekul
Loschmidt, Johann Joseph (1821-1895), penemu bilangan Avogadro (L)
Lowry, Thomas Martin (1874-1936), teori asam-basa
Markovnikov, Vladimir (1838-1904), adisi ikatan rangkap
Marsden, Ernest (1889-1970), struktur atom
Mendeleyev, Dmitri Ivanovich (1834-1907), sistem periodik
Meyer, Julius Lothar (1830-1895), sistem periodik
Millikan, Robert Andrews (1868-1953), penemu harga muatan elektron
Mitscherlich, Eilhardt (1794-1863), pembuatan fosfor
Moissan, Ferdinand Henri (1852-1907), pembuatan fluor
Moseley, Henry Gwyn Jeffreys (1887-1915), penemu nomor atom
Newland, John Alexander Reina (1838-1898), sistem periodik
Pauli, Wolfgang (1900-1958), teori orbital dan bilangan kuantum
Pauling, Linus Carl (1901-1994), skala keelektronegatifan
Priestley, Joseph (1733-1804), penemu oksigen
Proust, Joseph Louis (1754-1826), hukum perbandingan tetap
Ramsay, Sir William (1852-1916), penemu gas mulia
Raoult, Francois Marie (1830-1901), sifat koligatif larutan
Rutherford, Sir Ernest (1871-1937), teori atom
Seaborg, Glenn Theodore (1912-1999), sintesis unsur-unsur transuranium
Solvay, Ernest (1838-1922), pembuatan asam nitrat
Sorensen, Soren Pieter Lennart (1868-1939), pencetus pH
Stoney, George Johnstone (1826-1911), pemberi nama “elektron”
Thomson, Sir Joseph John (1856-1940), penemu elektron
Tyndall, John (1820-1893), efek Tyndall
Van der Waals, Johannes Diderik (1837-1923), gaya antar molekul
Van’t Hoff, Jacobus Henrikus (1852-1911), sifat koligatif larutan
Volta, Alessandro Giuseppe (1745-1827), sel elektrokimia dan deret Volta
Waage, Peter (1833-1900), tetapan kesetimbangan
Williamson, Alexander (1824-1904), sintesis organik
Wohler, Friedrich (1800-1882), perintis kimia organik
Wurtz, Adolphe (1817-1884), sintesis organik


AWALAN YUNANI DAN LATIN

YUNANI-LATIN-ARTINYA

mono- uni- satu
di- bi- dua
tri- ter- tiga
tetra- quadri- empat
penta- quinti- lima
hexa- sexti- enam
hepta- septi- tujuh
octa- octi- delapan
nona- novi- sembilan
deca- deci- sepuluh
hemi- semi- setengah
hecto- centi- seratus
kilo- milli- seribu
poly- multi- banyak
pan- omni- semua
macro- maxi- besar
micro- mini- kecil
a- non- tidak
an- in-(un-) bukan
amphi- ambi- dua-duanya
iso- equi- sama
hyper- super- atas
hypo- sub- bawah
endo- intra- dalam
exo- extra- luar
ortho- cis- dekat
para- ultra- seberang
peri- circum- keliling
dia- trans- melalui
pra- pre- sebelum
meta- post- setelah
ana- pro- maju, pergi
cata- re- mundur, kembali
syn- co- bersama-sama
anti- contra- lawan
dis- de- hilang
hydro- aqua- air


AWALAN-AWALAN SATUAN

10(1) deka (da)
10(2) hekto (h)
10(3) kilo (k)
10(6) mega (M)
10(9) giga (G)
10(12) tera (T)
10(15) peta (P)
10(18) exa (E)
10(21) zetta (Z)
10(24) yotta (Y)

10(-1) deci (d)
10(-2) centi (c)
10(-3) milli (m)
10(-6) micro (m)
10(-9) nano (n)
10(-12) pico (p)
10(-15) femto (f)
10(-18) atto (a)
10(-21) zepto (z)
10(-24) yocto (y)



TETAPAN FUNDAMENTAL

Kecepatan cahaya = 299 792 458 m s(-1)
Percepatan gravitasi = 9,806 650 m s(-2)
Volume molar gas STP = 22,414 10 L mol(-1)
Tetapan gas = 8,314 510 J K(-1) mol(-1)
= 1,987 216 kal K(-1) mol(-1)
= 0,082 050 L atm K(-1) mol(-1)
Tetapan Planck = 6,626 075 x 10(-34) J s
Tetapan Avogadro = 6,022 529 x 10(23) mol(-1)
Tetapan Faraday = 9,648 705 x 10(4) C mol(-1)
Muatan elektron = 1,602 177 x 10(-19) C
Massa elektron = 9,109 390 x 10(-31) kg
Massa proton = 1,672 623 x 10(-27) kg
Massa neutron = 1,674 928 x 10(-27) kg
Satuan massa atom (sma) = 1,660 540 x 10(-27) kg




ISTILAH SAINS BAHASA MALAYSIA


U M U M

ais = es
arangbatu = batubara
aras = level
aturcara = program
bahan api = bahan bakar
bekas = wadah
cecair = cairan
cekap = efisien
corak = pola
denyut = pulsa
enjin = mesin
geganti = relay
getah = karet
isipadu = volume
jangkasuhu = termometer
jirim = materi, zat
jisim = massa
kawalan = kontrol
keamatan = intensitas
kebuk = kamar, chamber
kecekapan = efisiensi
kejituan = akurasi, ketepatan
kejuruteraan = rekayasa, engineering
keratan = penampang
kesan = pengaruh
ketuhar = oven
ketulenan = kemurnian
kitar = daur, siklus
makmal = laboratorium
pam = pompa
pengesan = detektor
penggalak = booster
pengkhususan = spesialisasi
penjana = generator
penjerapan = adsorpsi
penukarganti = exchanger
penulenan = pemurnian
penurasan = penyaringan, filtrasi
penyejatan = penguapan
penyejuk = pendingin
penyerapan = absorpsi
pepejal = zat padat
piawai = standar
radas = peralatan
relau = tanur
saat = detik
salingtindak = interaksi
selanjar = kontinyu, sinambung
semulajadi = alamiah
sesungut = antena
taburan = distribusi
takat lebur = titik lebur
takat didih = titik didih
takrif = definisi
talian hantaran = jaringan transmisi
tentukuran = kalibrasi
tiub = tabung
tulen = murni
turas = saring
ubahsuai = konversi
udarakasa = atmosfer


K I M I A

agen pengoksidaan = zat pengoksidasi
agen penurunan = zat pereduksi
air liat = air sadah
ampaian = suspensi
asid amino perlu = asam amino esensial
bes = basa
campuran mesra = campuran homogen
campuran tak sekata = campuran heterogen
formula am = rumus umum
formula mudah = rumus empiris
gangsa = perunggu
gas adi = gas mulia
gas asli = gas alam
gas unggul = gas ideal
gelang benzena = cincin benzena
getah tiruan = karet sintetis
haba = kalor
haba tindakbalas = kalor reaksi
hasil darab keterlarutan = hasil kali kelarutan
hukum keabadian jisim = hukum kekekalan massa
jadual berkala = sistem periodik
kadar tindakbalas = laju reaksi
kakisan = korosi
keluli = baja
kepekatan = konsentrasi
kesan ion sepunya = pengaruh ion sejenis
kontang = anhidrat
kumpulan alkali bumi = golongan alkali tanah
larutan muak (tepu) = larutan jenuh
loyang = kuningan
mangkin = katalis
nombor pengoksidaan = bilangan oksidasi
pemendakan = pengendapan
pempolimeran penambahan = polimerisasi adisi
penapaian = peragian, fermentasi
penceraian = penguraian, disosiasi
pengimbangan tindakbalas = penyetaraan reaksi
penimbal = penyangga, buffer
penukargantian = substitusi
penunjuk = indikator
penunu Bunsen = pembakar Bunsen
penurunan = reduksi
penyingkiran = eliminasi
penyiringan = dekantasi
perendahan takat beku = penurunan titik beku
sebatian = senyawa
sebatian berkutub = senyawa polar
tatarajah elekron = konfigurasi elektron
tepu, muak = jenuh
tertib tindakbalas = orde reaksi
teruja = tereksitasi
tindakbalas = reaksi
unsur peralihan = unsur transisi
unsur wakilan = unsur utama
zarah asas = partikel dasar


F I S I K A

aruhan = induksi
arus penghijrahan = arus migrasi
arus terus = arus searah
arus ulangalik = arus bolak-balik
belahan = fisi
belauan = difraksi
bendalir = fluida
beza keupayaan = beda potensial
biasan = refraksi
cas = muatan
cas nukleus = muatan inti
daya emparan = gaya sentrifugal
daya memusat = gaya sentripetal
fius = sekering
fizik = fisika
gegelung = kumparan
geseran = gesekan
halaju = kecepatan
imej maya = bayangan maya
imej sahih = bayangan real
jarak gelombang = panjang gelombang
jisim genting = massa kritis
kanta = lensa
kelikatan = viskositas
ketelapan = permeabilitas
ketermampatan = kompresibilitas
ketertempaan = maleabilitas
ketumpatan = densiti, kerapatan
keupayaan = potensial
lekatan = adhesi
lekitan = kohesi
litar = sirkuit
litar bersepadu = integrated circuit
muatan = kapasitas
nyahcas = discharge
pecutan = percepatan, akselerasi
pegun = stasioner
pelakuran = fusi
pembauran = difusi
pembedilan nukleus = penembakan inti
pemecut = akselerator
pemejalwapan = sublimasi
pemencil = isolator
penebat = insulator
pengutuban = polarisasi
pereputan = peluruhan
perlanggaran = tumbukan, kolisi
pirau = shunt
rerambut = kapiler
rintangan = tahanan
setengah hayat = waktu paruh
sifar mutlak = nol absolut
sinaran = radiasi
suis = switch
takat genting = titik kritis
tenaga keupayaan = energi potensial
tenaga penambatan = energi ikat


MATEMATIKA

amaun = jumlah
arka = busur
berkadar terus = berbanding lurus
berkadar songsang = berbanding terbalik
cerun = slope
darab = kali (x)
gambar rajah = diagram
garis pusat = garis tengah, diameter
geraf = grafik
julat = range
kecerunan = gradien
keluk = kurva
kuasa = pangkat, eksponen
nisbah = perbandingan
nombor perdana = bilangan prima
paksi = sumbu
pekali = koefisien
pemalar = tetapan, konstanta
pembilang = pencacah, counter
pengangka = pembilang, numerator
pengiraan = perhitungan
peratus = persen (%)
punca = akar
punca kuasa dua = akar pangkat dua
purata = rata-rata
rawak = random, acak
selari = sejajar
siri = deret
sisihan = deviasi
songsangan = inversi
terbitan = turunan
tolak = kurang (-)


BIOLOGI

debunga = serbuk sari
faraj = kelamin
gentian = serabut
germa = kecambah
jasad = badan
maging = karnivora
otot jalur = otot lurik
otot licin = otot polos
pembahagian sel = pembelahan sel
peparu = paru-paru
perkumuhan = ekskresi
permanian = inseminasi
perumah = inang
pundi kencing = kandung kemih
rawan = tulang rawan
salur = saluran
sel mengecut = sel kontraktiltisu = jaringan



BEBERAPA MNEMONIC DALAM ILMU KIMIA DAN ILMU-ILMU LAINNYA

L E O = lost of electron: oxidation.
An ox, red cat = anode-oxidation, reduction-cathode (electrodes reactions).
Sphere, peanut, double peanuts, flower = s p d f (subshells in atom).
Only silly alumnus in college study past midnight = oxygen, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium (most abundant elements in earth’s crust).
He neatly arranges Kremlin executive ranks = helium, neon, argon, kripton, xenon, radon (noble gases).
These ten valuable acids have long preserved life in mankind = threonine, tryptophan, valine, arginine, histidine, lysine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine (essensial amino acids).
Oh mom, such good apple pie, sweet as sugar = oxalate, malonate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, pimelate, suberate, azelate, sebacate (dicarboxylic acids).

We guarantee certainty, clearly referring to this right sentence (velocity of light = 299 792 458 m/s).
It enables a commoner to memorize a quantity (e = 2,7182818).
Yes, I have a number = 3,1416 (pi in 5 digits).
How I wish I could recollect pi easily today = 3,1415 9265 (pi in 9 digits).

Sir, I send a rhyme assisting
In sacred truth and right spelling
Numerical sprites endeavour
See it and remember ever (3,1415 92653 58979 32394 = pi in 20 digits)

Better get ready while your mistress come back: blue + green + red = white; yellow + magenta + cyan = black (mix of colors).
Richard of York gained battles in vain = red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (colors of spectra).

King Philip came over from glorious Scotland = kingdom, phylum, class, ordo, family, genus, species (biological taxonomy).
Perth Melbourne Adelaide Tasmania = prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telephase (cell division).

Oh, be a fine girl. Kiss me right now sweetheart = O B A F G K M R N S (type of stars).
My very efficient memory just sums up nine planets = Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto (planets in the solar system).

Put egg on my plate, please honey = palaeocene, eocene, oligocene, miocene, pliocene, pleistocene, holocene (cenozoic periods in geology).
Camels often sit down carefully, perhaps their joints creak = cambrian, ordovician, silurian, devonian, carboniferous, permian, triassic, jurassic, cretaceous (geological times).

Mnemonic Bahasa Indonesia

Memang vetsin bumbu masak yang sudah umum nyonya pakai (Mama Vera bukan main yahudnya, sayang udah nyaris pikun) = Merkurius, Venus, Bumi, Mars, Yupiter, Saturnus, Uranus, Neptunus, Pluto.

Mau jadi koboi harus bisa naik unta = merah, jingga, kuning, hijau, biru, nila, ungu.
Ia menyirami setangkai kembang lembayung di sisi kebun binatang = 299 792 458 (kecepatan cahaya dalam m/s).

Lihat nanti kami rubah sistem periodik (Libur naik kuda Rabu Kamis prei; Lina kawin Rubi cs frustrasi) = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr (unsur-unsur golongan IA).
Besok Minggu Karang Setra bakal rame (Besok Minggu ka Soreang bawa randa; Beol Mang Kasim sering bau racun) = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra (golongan IIA).
Bang Ali ganteng intelek (Belagak intel; Bombay alamat gadis India teler) = B, Al, Ga, In, Tl (golongan IIIA).
Cewek seksi genit senang playboy (Cium sedikit gemes, sun pun boleh) = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb (golongan IVA).
Neng Popi asyik sambung bibir = N, P, As, Sb, Bi (golongan VA).
Orang salah selalu tertangkap polisi (Orang sinting senang telanjang polos) = O, S, Se, Te, Po (golongan VIA).
Fredi kolor biru ikut atletik (Fredi kolor beureum ih ateul) = F, Cl, Br, I, At (golongan VIIA).
Heboh negeri Arab karena sex randa = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn (golongan VIIIA).
Bencong seksi asoi telanjang bulat = B, Si, As, Te, At (batas logam/nonlogam).
SCTV cari Mang Feri cowoknya Nita cukup zantan! = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn (unsur-unsur transisi perioda ke-4).

17-8-45 = Luas Indonesia: utara-selatan 17 derajat (6 North – 11 South), barat-timur seperdelapan keliling bumi atau 45 derajat (96 – 141 East).


BEBERAPA PUISI KIMIA


A T O M

An atom is invisible, much tinier than a minute
Yet atoms make up the world and everything in it
A cloud of electrons so swift and intense
Surrounding a nucleus tiny and dense
Deep down at the center of it all
A nucleus—extremely very small


M O L E

A mole is a particular amount
Of substance in its formula weight
Expressed in grams with Avogadro’s count
Of units making up the aggregate

A mole is a specific quantity
Its volume measures twenty-two point four
In liters for a gas at STP
A mole is a counting unit, nothing more



p H

For coffee it’s five and for tomatoes it’s four
While household ammonia’s eleven or more
It’s seven for water if in a pure state
But rainwater’s six and seawater’s eight
It’s basic at ten, quite acidic at two
And well above seven when litmus turns blue



C a C O 3

The Taj Mahal in its solemn majesty
Gibraltar’s famous rock with stability
Australia’s Barrier Reef that spans the Coral sea
The Roman Colosseum with its savage history
The enigmatic Pyramids enduring silently
The formula, in every case, is CaCO3


S A L T

If a soluble salt you wish to provide
You firstly on the acid must settle
Then neutralize with the proper oxide
Hydroxide, carbonate or metal

But if the salt does not dissolve
A simpler means you must try
Precipitate it, you resolve
Then filter it, wash and dry



I’M ELECTRON

I’m a jolly electron, alternately bound and free
Spin from morning to night although you can’t see
And this the burden song forever used to be
I care for nobody since nobody cares for me

Though William Crookes suspected my presence on this earth
It was J.J.Thomson that found me in spite of my tiny girth
He measured the ‘e by m’ of my electric worth
I love J.J. in a filial way for he’d given me birth

Johnstone Stoney invented my new electric name
Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr then brought me fame
They guessed within the atom my inner and outer game
You’ll agree what they did for me, I’ll do it for them the same